What does speciation refer to?

Speciation refers to the process through which new species are formed. This biological process occurs when populations of a species become genetically isolated from one another, often due to various factors such as geographical barriers, ecological differences, or behavioral variations. Over time, these isolated populations may undergo evolutionary changes leading to the development of distinct species.

Understanding speciation is crucial in the field of evolutionary biology and anthropology as it explains the biodiversity we observe today and helps clarify how species adapt and evolve in response to their environments. This process is central to the study of evolutionary mechanisms and the dynamics of natural selection, as it not only highlights the emergence of new species but also underscores the complexity and interconnectedness of life on Earth.