Which of the following Homo species was discovered in Indonesia and is known for its small stature?

The species known for its small stature that was discovered in Indonesia is Homo floresiensis. This species was identified based on fossil remains found on the island of Flores, which showcased a unique set of characteristics, including a significantly smaller body size compared to other Homo species. Homo floresiensis is often referred to as the "Hobbit" due to its diminutive stature, which is a defining factor of this species.

The discovery of Homo floresiensis contributed greatly to our understanding of human evolution, as it highlights the diversity within the Homo genus and raises questions about the adaptability of early human species in various environments. The small size of this species is believed to be an adaptation to the island's limited resources, a phenomenon known as insular dwarfism. This adaptation showcases the evolutionary pressures that can lead to significant physical changes in species over time.

In contrast, other hominin species listed, such as Homo habilis and Homo erectus, are known for their larger body sizes and different adaptations. Homo neanderthalensis, or Neanderthals, were also significantly larger and adapted to cold climates. This context helps reinforce the uniqueness of Homo floresiensis's characteristics and its importance in the study of anthropology.