Which of the following is NOT one of the six attributes shared by all states?

The correct answer is unorganized labor because all states typically exhibit organized labor systems. States are characterized by complex social structures, economic activities, and formalized labor roles, which are essential for maintaining their functions and services. Organized labor refers to the division of work and specialization, where individuals or groups perform specific tasks that contribute to the overall economy and governance of the state.

The attribute of unorganized labor suggests a lack of structure and specialization, which contradicts the fundamental aspects of state formation. States often rely on organized labor to support agricultural production, economic exchange, and administrative tasks, reinforcing social hierarchies and facilitating state functioning.

In contrast, hereditary rulers indicate a system of governance where power is passed down through familial lines, which can be a characteristic of many states. Class-based societies reflect the social stratification often observed in states, showcasing differences in wealth, power, and status. Record-keeping is essential for states to manage resources, enforce laws, and maintain social order. Thus, these attributes align with the characteristics of states, further confirming that unorganized labor is the attribute that does not belong in this context.