Who were the Cro Magnon people in the context of human history?

The Cro Magnon people are recognized as a group of early modern humans (Homo sapiens) that lived in Europe approximately 35,000 years ago. They are significant in the context of human history because they represent some of the earliest examples of anatomically modern humans in Europe, coexisting with Neanderthals during that period. Cro Magnon people are known for their advanced tool-making capabilities, artistic expressions seen in cave paintings, and complex social structures, which demonstrate a level of cognitive development that marks them distinctly as modern humans.

In contrast, the other options refer to different phases of human evolution or social organization which are distinct from Cro Magnon people. Early Homo sapiens in Africa represents a crucial stage in human evolution but is not specific to the Cro Magnon context, as Cro Magnon refers specifically to those who migrated to and lived in Europe. Neolithic farmers pertain to a much later period which involved the development of agriculture around 10,000 years ago, while Australopithecus species are an earlier genus in human evolution that predates modern Homo sapiens entirely. Thus, the identification of Cro Magnon as modern humans from 35,000 years ago captures their relevance in the narrative of human history effectively.