What characterizes the cranial features of Homo neanderthalensis?

The cranial features of Homo neanderthalensis are best characterized by a large cranial capacity and a weak chin. Neanderthals had a cranial capacity that was comparable to, or even greater than, that of modern humans, indicating a well-developed brain. The weak chin is a distinctive feature; unlike modern humans who possess a prominent chin, Neanderthals had a more receded jawline and lacked the pronounced chin structure.

While other options present different cranial characteristics, they do not accurately reflect what is known about Neanderthals. For instance, a broad forehead and narrow nasal cavity do not describe Neanderthal features, as they had a more rounded skull and broad nasal passages. The low cranial vault and highly developed frontal lobe belong more to the comparative anatomy of modern humans than to Neanderthals. Lastly, reduced cranial size and an elongated face inaccurately describe Neanderthals, who were known for their robust and rounded skulls. Hence, the characteristics of large cranial capacity and a weak chin are definitive indicators of Homo neanderthalensis.