What geological features are described as moraines?

Moraines are indeed described as piles of rocky debris that are deposited by glaciers as they advance and retreat. This geological feature consists of accumulated sediment and rock fragments, resulting from the erosion of the landscape that glaciers cause as they move. When a glacier melts, the materials it has carried can be left behind, forming distinct mounds or ridges in the terrain. This process can create various types of moraines, including terminal moraines, which mark the furthest advance of a glacier, and lateral moraines, which run alongside a glacier. The understanding of moraines is significant in geology and glaciology because they provide insights into past climatic conditions and the behavior of glacial movements over time.

The other options relate to human activities and archaeological findings, which are not associated with the geological processes that produce moraines.