Which law addresses the repatriation of Native American cultural items?

The correct choice, which addresses the repatriation of Native American cultural items, is the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). This federal law was enacted in 1990 and establishes a framework for the return of cultural items, including human remains, funerary objects, and sacred objects, to Native American tribes. The Act emphasizes the importance of recognizing the rights of Native Americans to their cultural heritage and requires institutions that receive federal funding to inventory human remains and cultural items in their possession, notify appropriate tribes, and facilitate the repatriation process.

The other options, while related to Native American rights and cultural preservation, do not specifically focus on the repatriation of cultural items. For instance, the Native American Cultural Heritage Act pertains more broadly to the protection of cultural heritage rather than the repatriation process. The American Indian Religious Freedom Act aims to protect the religious practices of Native Americans but does not include provisions for repatriation. The Federally Recognized Tribes Act is concerned with the recognition of tribal status rather than the repatriation of artifacts. Thus, NAGPRA is the most directly relevant law regarding the repatriation of Native American cultural items.