Which of the following is NOT one of the five described Australopithecines?

Australopithecus neanderthalensis is not one of the recognized Australopithecine species; this is the reason why it is the correct answer to the question. The classification of Australopithecines refers to a group of early hominins that existed in Africa around 4 to 2 million years ago. The recognized species within this category include Australopithecus aethiopicus, Australopithecus robustus, and Australopithecus boisei.

Australopithecus neanderthalensis, on the other hand, corresponds to Neanderthals, which are part of the genus Homo, not Australopithecus. Neanderthals are known for their presence in Europe and Western Asia well after the time of the Australopithecines, highlighting a significant temporal and taxonomic distinction within the evolutionary lineage of hominins.