Which of the following is not a cause of mutations?

The choice indicating amino acid deficiency as not being a cause of mutations is accurate. Mutations refer to permanent alterations in the DNA sequence of an organism, which can have significant effects on genetic information and, subsequently, protein synthesis and function.

While amino acids are essential for the synthesis of proteins, they do not inherently cause changes in the DNA sequence itself. Mutations arise primarily from external factors or inherent biological processes. For example, exposure to radiation can lead to DNA damage, whereas copying errors during cell division result from inaccuracies in DNA replication. Chemical mutagens interact with the DNA, causing changes that can lead to mutations.

Thus, the absence of amino acid deficiency as a direct cause of mutations reinforces the understanding that mutations are connected to specific alterations in genetic material rather than nutritional deficits.