Which process involves the copying of DNA sequence into mRNA?

The process that involves copying a DNA sequence into mRNA is transcription. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at specific regions called promoters and unwinds the DNA strands. It then synthesizes a single strand of mRNA by using one of the DNA strands as a template. The RNA polymerase assembles RNA nucleotides in a sequence complementary to the DNA template, creating an mRNA transcript, which will later be used in the process of translation to synthesize proteins.

In contrast, replication refers to the process of duplicating the entire DNA molecule to ensure that each new cell has a complete set of genetic information. Translation is the subsequent process where the mRNA is read by ribosomes to produce proteins. Mutation involves changes to the DNA sequence itself, which can lead to variations in genes but does not describe the copying of a sequence into mRNA.